This course develops an understanding of the major theoretical orientations used by current practitioners, focusing on systemic approaches. Established schools of thought, the recovery model, evidence-based and promising practices and their immediate descendants are presented through lectures, videotapes, reflection, application via clinical case presentations, and experiential learning. The course also highlights cultural and spiritual diversity as it applies to the therapeutic process and awareness of the self, interpersonal issues, and spiritual values as they impact the use of theoretical frameworks.